Sparkling Wines - In Depth
Sparkling wines, also known as “needle wines” or effervescent wines, are those that contain carbon dioxide in their composition. This gas is the result of a secondary fermentation process that takes place in a sealed bottle or tank, in which the CO2 produced dissolves in the wine. The secondary fermentation can be triggered by various methods, such as the addition of sugar, bottling the wine before complete fermentation, or early closure of the fermentation tank. This creates a wine with a bubbly texture and a distinctive flavor that sets it apart from other types of wine.
Regarding carbonated wines that are infused with gas similar to carbonated sodas, it is important to note that these fall into a different category. For a wine to be considered champagne or its equivalent, it must follow the champagne method, which is the traditional method used in the production of this type of wine. Additionally, it is important to note that only carbonated wines produced in the Champagne region of France and with the corresponding designation of origin have the right to use the name “champagne.” This protects the quality and authenticity of this type of wine while preserving its history and tradition.
The traditional method of producing sparkling wines is also used in Spain, where they are known as cavas. In particular, the town of San Sadurní de Noya, located in the Alto Penedés region, is recognized for its high quality in the production of Spanish sparkling wines, using methods similar to those employed in the French Champagne-Ardennes region. The cavas produced in San Sadurní de Noya are known for their unique flavor and the fineness of their bubbles, becoming a reference for the production of sparkling wines at an international level.
It is true that most of the national production of sparkling wines in Spain comes from the Alto Penedés region, although smaller quantities are also produced in other areas such as Aragon, Castilla y León, Castilla-La Mancha, Extremadura, La Rioja, the Basque Country, the Region of Murcia, Navarra, and Andalusia.
Sparkling wines are especially popular as an aperitif, due to their refreshing acidity that opens up the appetite, and they are also an excellent option for pairing with seafood and fish, as their fruity and bubbly notes complement the delicate flavors of these foods perfectly. Thanks to their versatility, they are also an excellent choice for celebrations and special events.